There are currently no laboratory medical tests to determine a diagnosis of autism.  An accurate diagnosis must be based on observation of the individual’s communication, behavior, and developmental levels. Because many of the behaviors associated with autism are shared by other disorders, various medical examinations may be ordered to rule out or identify other possible causes of the symptoms being exhibited.

As a parent, you should speak with your pediatrician if your child exhibits any of the following:

• Does not babble or coo by 12 months
• Does not gesture (point, wave, grasp) by 12 months
• Does not say single words by 16 months
• Does not say two-word phrases on his or her own by 24 months
• Has any loss of language or social skills at any age.

Having any of these five “red flags” does not necessarily mean that a child has autism, but because the characteristics of the disorder vary so much, the child should have further evaluation.  Ideally, a multidisciplinary team that includes several of the following professions will perform a diagnostic assessment: developmental pediatrician, neurologist, psychiatrist, psychologist, speech/language therapist, occupational or physical therapist, learning consultant, or other professionals knowledgeable about autism.

Because the diagnosis is primarily based on clinical observation and developmental history, the most accurate diagnoses come from clinicians with extensive experience in autism spectrum disorders.  Having the correct diagnosis is the beginning step in getting the education and treatments that will allow each child to reach their full potential. Your local ASA chapter can inform and support your efforts for your child.